Material crushing machine



July 5, 1955 A. MITCHELL 2,712,418

MATERIAL CRUSHING MACHINE Filed July 29, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet l July 5, 1955 A. MITCHELL 2,712,418

MATERIAL CRUSHING MACHINE Filed July 29, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. Zexander /VZ'fZZZ July 5, 1955 A. MITCHELL. 2,712,418

MATERIAL CRUSHING MACHINE Filed July 29, 1954 s sheets-sheet s Y @am f 557% Wav-neg.

United States Patent i pmi Marsman cnnsrmvo Macallan Alexander Mitchell Yeilowimife North West Territories,

ana a Application July 233, 1954, Serial No. 446,518

9 Claims. (Ci. A441-402) This invention relates to apparatus for crushing or pulverizing ore and the like.

It is an object of this invention to provide a simply constructed ore or like materials crushing machine which operate in a substantially automatic manner to eiiiciently grind the materials to a substantial degree of fineness.

Another object is to provide a materials grinding machine having a readily adjustable automatic feeding mechanism.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a side elevation of a machine in accordance with the invention,

Figure 2 is a plan View,

Figure 3 is an end elevation on line 33 of Figure 2, and

Figure 4 is an end elevation on line 4 4 of Figure 2.

Referring to the drawings, the machine is shown as mounted on a base 1 and comprises a pair of Substantially parallel laterally disposed crushing troughs 2 and 3 fixed to the base adjacent one end thereof. Trough 2 has a iat, uniplanar and generally horizontal crushing surface 4 constituted by the bottom wall of the trough.

rough 3 has a generally horizontal multi-planar crushing surface 5, as shown, V-shaped in cross-section, also constituted by the bottom wall of the trough. The lining of the bottom walls of the troughs constituting the crushing surfaces 4 and 5 may be formed of any suitable hard metal or the like to satisfactorily withstand crushing impacts. The crushing surface 5 of trough 3 is disposed at a slightly lower level than surface 4 of trough 2.

Mounted upon the crushing surfaces i and 5 is a ballast bunker 6 in the form of an open container arranged to receive a suitable quantity of ballast material such as rocks and the like to provide desired crushing weight. crushing members 7 and S extending into the troughs 2 and 3 and rockingly engaging the respective crushing surfaces 4 and 5.

Crushing member 7 has an arcuate convex crushing surface 9, at in cross-section, for complementary rocking movement upon surface Crushing member 8 has an arcuate convex crushing surface 1G, \/shaped in cross-section, for complementary rocking movement upon surface 5. Crushing surfaces 9 and 16 are substantially coextensive in width and length with complementary crushing surfaces 4 and S. The material of members 7 and 8 forming the surfaces 9 and 10 is likewise of hard metal or the like to satisfactorily withstand crushing impacts.

Means for imparting rocking movement to the ballast bunker 6 and its crushing members 7 and S comprises a rocker arm frame 11 fixed to the side walls of the bunker and extending beyond one end thereof, a connector rod 12 pivoted at one end to the projecting end of the rocker arm frame and at its other end to a crank 13 revolvably driven through any suitable gear reducer or the like 14 by driving means indicated at 15. Braces Fixed to the bottom of bunker 6 are a pair of 2,712,418 Patented `iuly 5,l 1955 ice 16 and 17 may be provided connecting the upper and lower portions of the bunker 6 on each side thereof to the projecting portion of rocker arm frame 11.

Means for anchoring the bunker 6 against creeping during the rocking movement thereof comprises a rod 18 having one end pivotally secured to the base 1 at 19 and its other end pivotally secured to the base of bunker 6 at 2G. It will be observed that the rod 18 extends angularly between troughs 2 and 3 and crushing members 7 and 8. Preferably, the pivotal connection of the rod 18 with the ballast bunker is longitudinally adjustable as by means of a member 21 to which the rod is pivoted, such member 21 being slidably mounted in a guide 22 iixed to the base of bunker 6. A screw 23 adjustably positions the slidable member 21 in guide 22.

Means for stabilizing the rocking movement of the ballast bunker 6 comprises a pair of rods 24 each secured at one end to a respective side of the bunker 6 midway between the ends thereof and at the other end to the base 1. Each rod 24 preferably includes a turnbuckle 25 and a shock absorber 26, which may comprise a simple spring damped piston and cylinder.

Means for feeding ore or the like material to trough 2 comprises a hopper' 27 mounted on base 1 and an inclined bottom chute 28 with inclined walls 29 for directing material into the chute 28. The mouth of chute 28 is provided with a bobbing chute portion 3@ mounted on a pin 31 for pivotal motion therewith. The chute portion 30 communicates with trough 2 by means of a curved apron 32, one end of which is pivoted to the bottom wall or" chute portion 3i) and the other end of which extends into trough 2 adjacent one end thereof and in slightly underlapping relation to the crushing member 7 of bunker 6. The apron extends through an auxiliary inclined trough 33 extending into trough 2 and underlying chute portion 3i! and apron 32. Bobbin motion is imparted to chute portion 3i) by means of a pair of arms 34, each having one end tixed to pin 31 and the other end pivotally connected at 35 to an arm 36 which in turn is pivotally connected to the adjacent end of bunker 6 at 37. It will be apparent that, as the bunker 6 rocks, it will thereby impart up and down swinging movement to chute portion 3i) and apron 32 to agitate material thereon and cause it to flow downwardly into trough 2. The amplitude of the swinging movement of chute portion 30 may be adjusted as desired by provision of a plurality of holes 38 in arms 34 and holes 39 in arms 36, whereby the pivot 35 may be moved to vary the effective length of arms 34 and 36.

Water is fed into auxiliary trough 33 through inlet 41 positioned beneath chute portion 3G to provide a steady ow of water from the feed end to the discharge end of trough 2 and thereby to carry therewith the material crushed therein between the crushing surfaces 4 and 9.

Trough 2 communicates with the adjacent end of trough 3 at its discharge end by means of an inclined cross over chute 4G whereby the crushed material and water from trough 2 will flow therethrough and into trough 3.

The V-shaped crushing surfaces 5 and 1t) effect a pulverizing action on the crushed material fed therein and it will be apparent that the crushed and pulverized material and water ilow through trough 3 in a direction reverse to the flow in trough 2. The pulverized material and water ow out of the other end oi trough 3 through an inclined discharge chute 42 which communicates with an inclined rile trough 43 adapted to recover metals from the pulverized ore in the usual manner.

It will be apparent that, with the feed hopper 27 lled with ore or like material, rocking movement of bunker 6 in one direction, to move the end portion of its crushing surface 9 upwardly in a direction away from compleby gravity onto apron 32 and thence onto crushing surface 4 in trough 2. Thereafter, as the bunker 6 rocks in the reverse'direction, the supply of material will be interrupted by upward swinging movement of chuteportion 3i) and the ore deposited in trough 2 will be dealt'a heavy blow by crushing member 7.' Thereafter, the material is further crushed as it is flushed through trough 2 by the waterV stream.

As the crushed material ows through trough 3, it is subjected to a pulverizing action between the comple mentary V-shaped crushing surfaces 5 and 10. lt will be apparent that such V-shaped surfaces will produce a fine grinding effect upon the material because of the rubbing effect between the inclined surfaces. The angle of each inclined surface of the V-shaped surface 5 or if) may vary to a considerable extent but preferably is not substantially less than An angle of approximately 45 is satisfactory. Y

Ore treated by the machine described for recovery of gold or other metals therefrom will'be delivered by the machine in a degree of fineness of approximately 200 mesh.

It wili be apparent that the use of a single creep anchor 13 disposed between the troughs 2 and 3 and connected to the bottom of bunker 6 at a point located on its longitudinal axis and adjacent the end thereof remote from the driving means is a simple and effective means of preventing any crawling tendencies of the bunker when crushing member 7 is crushing large pieces of ore at the feed end of trough 2.

There has thus been provided a cheap, ecient means of extracting gold or other heavy metals from ore. It is particularly satisfactory for the extraction of tungsten from scheelite. The machine is portable and may be readily dismantled, if necessary, for transportation. It is particularly adaptable to the recovery of gold or other heavy metals from small high grade ore bodies Where the size of the ore body does not warrant large tonnage mining operations. Obviously, the crushing weight may be supplied from materials obtainable on the location, thus reducing transportation costs.

The machine may also be employed as a crushing and pulverizing unit in a large tonnage mill. Thus, it may be used in a large mill behind a jaw crusher to do the work now being done at greater cost by a ball mill.

lt will also be apparent that the machine is readily adaptable for use in series with other'machinesof the same type.

l claim:

l. A material crushing machine comprising a pair of substantially parallelly arranged troughs, one of said troughs having a substantially dat uniplanar crushing surface, the other of said troughs having a multi-planar crushing surface and weighted crushing means having a pair of convex crushing surfaces each rockably seated upon VVone' of said trough crushing surfaces.

upon one of said trough crushing surfaces, each said convex crushing surface having a cross-sectional contour complementary to that of the trough crushing surface on which it is seated. Y Y

3. A material crushingY machine as defined in claim 2,

. said multiplanar crushing surface being disposed at a lower levelthan said uniplanar crushing surface, means Cil Y having a pair of convex crushing surfaces Irockably seated Y Y for feeding material to be ground onto one end of said uni-planar crushing surface, an inclined chute leading from the other end of said uniplanar crushing surfacey to one end of said multi-planar crushing surface, and means for supplying a stream of water into the trough containing said uniplanar crushing surface at said onel substantially parallely arranged troughs, one of saidV tro-uws having a substantially fiat uni-planar crushing surface, the other of said troughs having a crushing surface substantially V-shaped in cross-section and a crushing bunker having mounted on the base thereof Va pair of convex crushing surfaces each rockably seated Vupon one of said first crushing surfaces, each said convex crushing surface having a cross sectional contour complementary to that of the first crushing surface on which it is seated.

5. A material crushing machine as defined in claim 4, including means for rocking said bunker comprisingan arm extending from one end thereof, a driven crank, and a rod connecting said arm and crank. Y

6, A material crushing machine comprising a rst trough having a substantially fiat elongated uni-planar crushing surface, a second trough substantially parallely arranged with respect to said rst trough and having an elongated crushing surface substantially ll-shaped in cross-section and disposed at alower level than that of said first crushing surface, a crushing bunker having a pair of convex crushing surfaces each rockably seated upon a respective one of said rst and second crushing surfaces, each said convex crushing surface having a cross- 'Y 7. A material crushing machine as defined in claim including a base, and means for anchoring said bunker against creeping movement comprising an inclined rod disposed between said troughs and pivotally connectedatY one end to said base and it its other end to said bunker at a point remote from the feed end of said first trough.

8. A material crushing machine asY defined in claim 6,

including a base, meansfor anchoring said bunker against Y creeping movement'comprising an inclined rod disposed between said troughs and pivotally connected at one end to said base and at its other end to said bunker at a point on ,the longitudinal axis thereof remote from therfeed endY 'ofV said first trough, and stabilizing means Vfor said bunker comprising arod connected to said base and to each side of said bunker substantially midway between the ends thereof, each said stabilizing rod having shock absorbing means therein.

9. A material crushing machine as defined in claim 6, said feeding means comprising a feed hopper having an inclined main feed chute, an auxiliary feed chute pivotally connectedy to the mouth of said main chute an apron pivotally connected to the mouth of said auxiliary chute and leading to said first trough, an arm fixed to said auxiliary chute for swinging the latter up and down, a second arm pivotally connected at one end to said first arm and at its other end to said bunker, said auxiliary chute Vbeing movable upwardly by said arms in response to upward ,Y rocking movement of the ends of said convex crushing surfaces adjacent the feed end of said first trough.V f

References Cited in the file of this patent YUNITED STATES PATENTS Oliver Feb. 20, 1877 

